Aristoteles, kısaca, en popüler Yunan düşünürleri arasındadır. İdeoloji, zooloji, fizik ve astronomi gibi birçok alanda çalışan Aristoteles, günümüzde çok önemli işler bıraktı. MÖ 384 ile 322 yılları arasında yaşamış olan bilim adamı, çağımızın en önemli filozoflarından biridir. Şimdi kendi başınıza çok daha iyi öğrenelim:
Aristoteles, siyasetten astronomiye, zoolojiden felsefeye, akıl yürütmeden biyolojiye birçok alanda gerçekten önemli çalışmalar yapmış bir Yunan teorisyenidir. Akıl yürütmenin yanı sıra yaklaşımı da tartıştı ve Platon’u rehberi olarak seçti.
Aristotle, one of one of the most vital philosophers living in the ancient period, has actually been the name that many precisely mirrors his period. He has actually taken care of to thrill many thinkers with his ideas as well as views. One of the most standard idea in his progress in the direction of coming to be a philosopher is the suggestion of discovering the truth.
Aristotle; He is a theorist who fell under the confusion of many thinkers, followed the fact as well as got to the very same degree as his educator, Plato. Aristotle, that was born in Stagira, is additionally called the Ionian thinker because this region comes from the Ionians.
That is Aristotle?
Aristotle, King of Macedonia II, in Stagira, a little Macedonian city near the place called Athos Hillside today. He was born as the child of Nicomachus, the doctor of Amyntas. B.C. In 366, when he got in Plato’s institution called Akademeia in Athens at the age of 17, the sparkle of his knowledge stood out.
Aristotle, who began functioning as an assistant educator, is understood for his interest for analysis. That’s why he was nicknamed the visitor. In the adhering to procedure, he started to educate pupils at Akademeia and often established Platonic debates to resist the rival school, Isokratos.
To safeguard the Platonic debates, Aristotle wrote terrific discussions, as in the works of Evdamus and Peri tes Subconscious. Ornate writing additionally developed during the Aristotelian period.
After Plato’s death in 347 BC, Spevsippos became the head of Akademeia. This selection of Plato was seen as the reason why Aristotle left Akademeia. With the support of his master, he was sent out with Xenokratos as well as Theophrastos to the city of Assos in the Troas area, which is known as the Biga Peninsula today.
Aristotle, that had research studies on the scientific research of life in Assos, settled in Lesbos in 345 BC. From here, in 343 BC, he was contacted us to the palace of King Philippos of Macedon in Ayii Apostili, today’s name, to carry out the education and learning of his son Alexander.
With the fatality of the king, Alexander ascended the throne in 335 BC. Aristotle goes back to Athens and establishes Lykeion as a competitor to Akademeia. This location, also called Peripatos, is the yard bordered by columns, in which he and his trainees walk around and talk about. The name provided to the people of Lykeion is Peripatetikoi.
For Aristotle, who instructed in Lykeion for 12 years, difficult times start with the fatality of Alexander the Great in 323 BC. Alexander the Great dies during an Eastern exploration, therefore creating anti-Macedonian opposition in Athens. A case of blasphemy is filed versus Aristotle. He is accused of commemorating a mortal by writing a hymn.
With the start of difficult times, Aristotle leaves Athens as opposed to sharing the fate of Socrates. He does not want, as he puts it, to give the Athenians the chance to dedicate a second criminal activity against viewpoint. He took haven in Helke, Chalcis, on the island of Euboea, his mother’s hometown. He passed away in 322 BC.
Aristoteles’in Hayatı
Aristotle, a Macedonian-born Greek thinker, was sent to Athens for education at the age of 18 as well as became Plato’s pupil there. The famous thinker, that has actually dealt with scientific research with an analytical way of thinking, says that the root causes of objects need to be checked out in order to reach the truth. He left numerous jobs behind with his works on approach and also logic.
Platon ile birlikte Platon’dan da etkilenen Aristoteles’in kendine has görüşleri vardı. Ömrünü çok uzun bir süre ders vererek geçiren Aristoteles, yürüyüş derslerinden dolayı birçok felsefi görüşte aslında yürüyüş olarak anılmıştır. Çalışmalarında genellikle diyalogların yaşandığı, ortak tartışmaların yoğun olduğu bir tasarımı benimsediği görülmektedir.
Aristoteles’in Bilim Felsefesi
Bilimsel araştırmanın bakış açısının arka planını düşündüğümüzde, 19. ve 20. yüzyılın ilk yüzde ellisinde pozitivist teorisyenler klinik bilgiyi gerçeklerin özetiyle sınırladılar. Aristoteles ise klinik anlama anlamına gelen ‘episteme’nin sebeplerin anlaşılması olduğunu söylemiştir.
In Aristotle’s theory of science, there is no concept of room and also time doubts. The concept of causation is of esoteric origin. Therefore, it could not be the basis for the idea of all-natural legislation. Physics as well as Mathematics tried to discuss the exact same concepts of logic.
Aristotle’s Viewpoint of Being
His educator, Plato, can not establish a persuading link between ideas and also phenomena, between the universal and also the singular. Despite all his attempts for this, the globe of suggestions remained as an additional globe, different from the globe of phenomena. This splitting up was Aristotle’s major problem.
According to Aristotle; A partnership should be established between the suggestion and also the sensation to ensure that it can clarify what is perceived to us with conceptual expertise. This link Aristotle; “Concepts are the essence of private objects, they are the factor for their presence, and also it is the major task of philosophy to reveal that this is so.”
Aristotle’s Political Approach
According to Aristotle, the existing is not the ideal; are the just one that exist. Consequently, Aristotle’s political philosophy has actually also been amongst his fundamental thoughts. These philosophical thoughts, which he offered in his job called Politics, do not draw a picture of an excellent state, as he does not think that perfect types, like Plato, are those that really exist.
The Greek theorist’s understanding of society as well as the state relies on his understanding of male. According to this; Firstly, man is a ‘zoon political’, a social being. This indicates that people can realize their possibilities only in a culture and also a state.
Aristotle specified the state in the third publication of National politics. According to this; The structure of the state is justice. Because ideal makes up the basis of the political neighborhood. In this case, justice is the good that is intended in the state. According to Aristotle, justice; The entire culture is a form of government aimed at the well-being of its people.
Aristotle’s Ideology of Expertise
According to Aristotle, knowledge is understanding of the constant. Plato says that genuine beings are suggestions and that suggestions are outside the world of items. On the various other hand, Aristotle negates his educator on this issue and also according to him; Suggestions are not outdoors objects, past time as well as area, as Plato recommended.
According to Aristotle; Beings have an essence as well as a form. Form is what Plato called an idea. Although Aristotle accepts the presence of ideas, he considers them not in another world, however with the essence in objects.
Aristotle is pointed out with the complying with words regarding knowledge; “Expertise begins with sensation, however understanding is not sensation. Scientific research and viewpoint will never begin if there is no treatment of another aspect, the mind, besides sensation in knowledge.
Aristotle’s Approach of Nature
Nature makes up one of the most integral part of Aristotle’s academic approach along with metaphysics. His deal with this subject contributed substantially to the unity that emerged under the name of natural ideology. In Aristotle’s philosophy of nature, his work called Existence and also Extinction as well as his book On the Sky come to the fore.
The principle that Aristotle never forgot about all-natural ideology; explain and describe sensations.
Aristotle’s Recognizing of Metaphysics
Aristotle first deals with the inquiry of what truly exists. According to him metaphysics; It is the scientific research that handles the existing in regards to being, as well as examines what it suggests to be something that exists.
He commented on metaphysics, using his views on reasoning and his operate in biology. According to this; To exist, from the logical perspective, is to be something that can be spoken about and totally specified.
Aristotle as well as Reasoning
The only distinction between Aristotle, who adhered to in the steps of Plato, that is thought about to be his teacher in reasoning, is that he looked for logic in items. Plato, on the other hand, expresses in his sights that reasoning is concealed in ideas. Aristotle created the concept of official reasoning as a result of his researches in the field of logic.
On principles, he suggested that morality can not be obtained via understanding, and that being a good person suffices for morality. Aristotle, that always has the suggestion that matter as well as the world are infinite in his views, believes that the human heart is likewise boundless as well as suggests that the spirit is constantly altering its body.
Works of Aristotle
A number of the Aristotle functions that are discovered today are the works that he did not have time to publish as a publication throughout his life time and became a book after his death. Several lecture notes, manuscripts, as well as drafts have actually been excellent resources for his present job. A lot of the works he wrote while he lived were non-public works.
The main jobs of Aristotle are as adheres to; On Analysis, First Analyzes, Second Analyzes, Locations, On the Universe, On the Skies, On Heavenly Bodies, On the Detects, On Dreams, On Breathing, On Breath, On the History of Pets, On the Movement of Animals, On the Advancement of Pets, On Reasonable Things, Physiognomics, On Bitches, We Have Heard Terrific Things, Auto Mechanics, On Invisible Lines, Troubles, The Ruler of Nature, Economics, Regulation of the Athenians, Unsupported Claims to Alexander, Unsupported Claims, as well as Poetics.